The Brazilian soy sector will face challenges in a transitioning world. By 2050, government, consumer and private sector responses to climate change, which we term ‘climate transitions,’ could drive a more than 15 percent decrease in soy pricing, putting a large proportion of today’s soy farmers at an over 60 percent risk of financial losses. Profitability shortfalls can be minimized by reducing production costs, land rent payments and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions costs. Moreover, the opportunities provided by climate transitions are immense, especially given the diversified markets for soy products. Soy producers that invest in sustainable technology improvements, land ownership, reductions in emission intensity and diversified revenue streams from the bioeconomy could benefit substantially from climate transitions. A projected 88 percent increase in agricultural capital investment could unlock yield increases of at least 14 percent by 2050, improving land use efficiency across the Brazilian soy sector. Furthermore, despite a reduction in demand for ruminant meat feedstock, soy’s role as a significant contributor to the global plant protein supply, the plant-based oil supply and the biofuel supply could allow producers to capitalize on a more than 14 percent increase in projected global soy demand.